View source for University of Virginia

[[File:Uva rotunda sunset sanjay suchak.jpg|right|thumb|400px|Photo of the Rotunda from the Lawn by Sanjay Suchak, UVA Today.]]
The [[University of Virginia]] ('''UVa''', or informally, '''The University''') is a major economic and development partner for [[Charlottesville]] and [[Albemarle County]]. The current president is [[James E. Ryan]], who took office on [[August 1]], [[2018]].  

The Central Grounds are technically in [[Albemarle County]], although [[Charlottesville]] completely surrounds the original grounds. 

In [[1987]], the United Nations designated the [[Rotunda]] and [[Jefferson's Academical Village]] as World Heritage sites.<ref name="dp3">{{cite web|title=UVa developing strategy for increasing enrollment|url=http://www2.dailyprogress.com/news/2010/nov/27/uva-developing-strategy-increasing-enrollment-ar-679911/|author=Brian McNeill|work=|publisher=Daily Progress|location=|publishdate=November 27, 2010|accessdate=November 30, 2010}}</ref>

{{Wikipedia link|University_of_Virginia|whylink=wellcovered|linktext=University of Virginia}}


==History==

=== 19th Century ===
==== Planning for the University ====
On [[April 5]], [[1814]], Jefferson assumed the role of trustee for the [[Albemarle Academy]] in Charlottesville as it was being planned. In a letter to a Dr. [[Thomas Cooper]], Jefferson described his own vision for the academy:

“I have long had under contemplation, & have been collecting materials for the plan of an university in Virginia which should comprehend all the sciences useful to us, & none others, the general idea is suggested in the Notes on Virginia Qu. 14. this would probably absorb the functions of Wm & Mary college, and transfer them to a healthier and more central position. perhaps to the neighborhood of this place.”<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|url=https://www.monticello.org/site/research-and-collections/central-college|title=Central College|publisher=Monticello|last=Zechmeister|first=Gene|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|publishdate=28 June 2011|accessdate=March 25, 2019}}</ref>

Now a trustee planning for the academy, Jefferson finally found an opportunity to establish this university. "Jefferson’s “hidden agenda,” as it has been called, was to transform the duly approved preparatory school into a first-rank university in Albemarle."<ref name=":02" />

In the winter of [[1815]], Jefferson turned to [[Joseph C. Cabell]] after the petitions of the Albemarle Trustees failed to be presented at the General Assembly. Cabell, after a great deal of struggle, passed the bill on [[February 14]], [[1816]]. By the time it was passed, it had been stripped of several important provisions.

The University was first planned by Jefferson and [[Edmund Bacon]], Jefferson's business manager. "Mr. Jefferson looked over the ground some time and then stuck down a peg. He stuck the very first peg in that building, and then directed me where to carry the line, and I stuck the second. He carried one end of the line, and I the other, in laying off the foundation of the University... he rode there from Monticello every day while the University was building."<ref name=":12">Barefoot, Coy. ''The Corner: A History of Student Life at the University of Virginia''. Howell Press, 2001.</ref>

====Slavery and the University====
The University could not have been built without labor by enslaved persons, as well as maintenance and cleaning once the Academical Village was open. Enslaved laborers lived in the basement of the new buildings. Students were not allowed to bring the people they owned with them, but many did so anyway and housed them off-grounds. Some slaves were purchased directly by the University such as [[Lewis Commodore]] who was bought in 1832 for $580. His duties including ringing the bell and opening the library. <ref name="givens3">{{cite web|title=History of African-Americans at UVA|url=https://prezi.com/kdtwbhq5wocu/history-of-african-americans-at-uva/?utm_campaign=share&utm_medium=copy|author=Kiera Givens|work=|publisher=|location=|publishdate=October 14, 2015|accessdate=November 4, 2015}}</ref>

In 2010 a student-led group from the University proposed an idea for a [[Memorial to Enslaved Laborers at The University of Virginia|memorial]] dedicated to the enslaved laborers that built and maintained the University. It is under construction in [[2020]]. {{fact}}

====Early days====

The University of Virginia opened to students on [[March 7]], [[1825]]. Sixty-eight men were there as students along with 6 faculty members.<ref name=":12" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Short History of the University|url=http://www.virginia.edu/uvatours/shorthistory/|author=|work=|publisher=University of Virginia|location=|publishdate=|accessdate=April 18, 2012}}</ref> <ref name="VFH3">{{cite web|title=Slavery at the University of Virginia|url=http://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Slavery_at_the_University_of_Virginia#start_entry|author=Brendan Wolfe|work=Encyclopedia Virginia|publisher=Virginia Foundation for the Humanities|location=|publishdate=|accessdate=November 4, 2015}}</ref>

====Great Fire====

On [[October 27]], [[1895]], a "Great Fire" spread throughout Grounds, damaging many buildings and destroying several. <ref>{{cite web|title= "Arise and Build!": A Centennial Commemoration of the 1895 Rotunda Fire |url= https://explore.lib.virginia.edu/exhibits/show/rotunda |author=|work=| publisher= University of Virginia Library|location=|publishdate=|accessdate=May 12, 2019}}</ref> <ref>{{cite-progress-lindsay|title=Sunday's Big Fire - Aftermath of the University Conflagration|url=https://search.lib.virginia.edu/sources/uva_library/items/uva-lib:2072402|author=|pageno=1|printdate=October 29, 1895|publishdate=October 29, 1895|accessdate=October 29, 2022}}</ref>		

===20th Century===

====1934====
The second term of the [[University of Virginia]]'s 110th session began on [[January 3]], [[1934]] with 2,341 students enrolled, 105 students suspended, and 71 on probation. <ref>{{cite-progress-lindsay|title=University Opens for Second Term of 110th Session|url=https://search.lib.virginia.edu/sources/uva_library/items/uva-lib:2738694|author=|pageno=1|printdate=January 3, 1934 |publishdate=January 3, 1934|accessdate=February 23, 2023}}</ref> Around the same time, the Public Works Administration announced the award of $379,000 for the construction of three buildings for engineering that were to be built on McCormick Road. <ref>{{cite-progress-lindsay|title=Engineers Will Get Model Home|url=January 8, 1934|author=|pageno=3|printdate=January 8, 1934|publishdate=January 8, 1934|accessdate=February 23, 2023}}</ref>

====Prepping for the baby boom====
On [[October 8]], [[1960]], President [[Edgar F. Shannon, Jr.]] announces formation of long-range planning committee to study the institution's educational and physical needs through [[1975]]. <ref>{{cite-progress-lindsay|title=Long Range Planning Group to Study Needs of University|url=https://search.lib.virginia.edu/sources/uva_library/items/uva-lib:2646896|author=|pageno=1|printdate=October 8, 1960|publishdate=October 8, 1960|accessdate=October 8, 2022}}</ref>

===21st Century===

====Sullivan ouster and return====
On June 10, 2012, [[Helen E. Dragas]], Rector of the BoV, announced that Teresa Sullivan would retire effective August 15, 2012 after a two-year tenure. <ref>{{cite-progress|title=UVa ousts Sullivan as president|url=http://www2.dailyprogress.com/news/2012/jun/10/uva-ousts-sullivan-president-ar-1979309/|author=Aaron Richardson|pageno=|printdate=June 11, 2012|publishdate=June 10, 2012|accessdate=June 11, 2012|cturl=}}</ref> On June 19, 2012, the [[McIntire School of Commerce]] Dean [[Carl P. Zeithaml]] was named interim president effective August 16, 2012.<ref>{{cite-progress|title=UVa board selects commerce dean as interim president|url=http://www2.dailyprogress.com/news/2012/jun/19/uva-board-names-interim-president-ar-1997570/|author=Ted Strong & Aaron Richardson|pageno=|printdate=June 19, 2012|publishdate=June 19, 2012|accessdate=June 21, 2012|cturl=}}</ref> However, he announced three days later he would suspend all duties related to the presidency while the Board of Visitors considered a vote to reinstate Sullivan. <ref>{{cite web|title=Carl Zeithaml to 'suspend' UVA interim presidency negotiations|url=http://www.wjla.com/articles/2012/06/carl-zeithaml-to-suspend-uva-interim-presidency-negotiations-77210.html|author=Brianne Carter|work=|publisher=WJLA ABC 7|location=|publishdate=June 22, 2012|accessdate=June 25, 2012}}</ref> Following a "Rally for Honor" protest, which drew over 1,500 Sullivan supporters to protest on the lawn, an emergency meeting of the Board met on June 26, 2012 after which Sullivan was unanimously reinstated as president of the University.<ref>{{cite web|title=Timeline of Sullivan's ouster and return|url=http://www2.dailyprogress.com/news/2012/jun/26/timeline-sullivans-ouster-ar-2015097/|author=The Richmond Times-Dispatch|work=|publisher=The Daily Progress|location=|publishdate=June 26, 2012|accessdate=July 18, 2012}}</ref>

====Ryan Presidency====
Sullivan, who took office on August 1, 2010, announced her intention to retire in January of 2017 and requested that the board of visitors begin a search process for a new president at that time. She officially left office on September 30, 2018. On September 15, 2018, the Board of Visitors voted unanimously to name James E. Ryan and the University's next president. Ryan took office on August 1st, 2018 but was inaugurated formally on October 19th.
==Enrollment and employment==

====2014====

In August [[2014]], the University welcomed it largest first-year class ever with 3,690 incoming students. <ref>{{cite web|title=Largest class yet joins student body|url=http://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/2014/08/largest-class-yet-joins-student-body|author=|work=Owen Robinson|publisher=Cavalier Daily|location=|publishdate=August 25, 2014|accessdate=August 27, 2014}}</ref>

====2018====
There were 22,985 students enrolled at UVA for the 2018-2019 academic year. 

<ref name="tdm" /> 


==Schools==

*[[UVA School of Architecture|School of Architecture]]
*[[College and Graduate School of Arts & Sciences]]
*[[McIntire School of Commerce]]
*[[UVA School of Continuing and Professional Studies|School of Continuing and Professional Studies]]
*[[Darden School of Business]]
*[[University of Virginia School of Education and Human Development]]
*[[UVA School of Engineering and Applied Sciences|School of Engineering and Applied Sciences]]
*[[Frank Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy]]
*[[UVA School of Law|School of Law]]
*[[UVA School of Medicine|School of Medicine]]
*[[UVA School of Nursing|School of Nursing]]
*[[UVA College at Wise|College at Wise]]
*[[UVA School of Data Science]]

==Rankings==
The school is ranked #3 for the best public national university and #1 for best value public college. The University of Virginia Health System is nationally renowned academic health system recognized  for excellent patient care along with education and research.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.virginia.edu/|title=University of Virginia|last=|first=|publishdate=|publisher=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|accessdate=}}</ref> 

===Online Learning===
On July 17, 2012, the University announced they would begin making online classes available in fall 2013. The classes, created in collaboration with a technology corporation based in Stanford, California called Coursera, would be free of charge and would generate no revenue for the University.<ref>Pedersen, Krista. "University pursues online education" Cavalier Daily. 17 July 2012. Web. 26 July 2012. <http://www.cavalierdaily.com/2012/07/17/university-pursues-online-education/>.</ref>

==Impact on Community==
===Transportation and the University===
In order to limit the number of new parking spaces required and to reduce congestion, the University has created and is implementing a Transportation Demand Management plan that "seeks to establish a strategic approach to meet the evolving parking and transportation needs of its students, faculty, staff, patients, and visitors." A new iteration of the plan was developed between April 2018 and March 2019, updating TDM plans from 2007 and 2011. The plan covers 1,150 acres including Central Grounds, North Grounds, West Grounds, UVA Health, Fontaine, and Northridge. <ref name="tdm">{{cite web|title=UVA Parking and Transportation Master Plan|url=https://officearchitect.virginia.edu/pdfs/UVATPPlan2019.pdf|author=UVA Parking and Transportation|work=Presentation|publisher=University of Virginia|location=|publishdate=July 2019|accessdate=February 25, 2020}}</ref>  <ref>{{cite web|title=UVa increasing efforts to reduce vehicles|url=https://www.cvilletomorrow.org/articles/uva-tdm|author=Sean Tubbs|work=News Article|publisher=Charlottesville |location=|publishdate=May 27, 2010|accessdate=February 25, 2020}}</ref>  

 
=== Economic impact on the community===
There are over 12,500 employees at UVa, with an additional 5,500 working at the [[University Medical Center]]. These figures represent 15 percent of the total employment for Charlotteasville and Albemarle County. Over 20,000 students contribute to the economy.<ref>Albemarle County. Department of Community Development. Places 29: A Master Plan for the Northern Development Areas. 2009 DRAFT. Page 3-14. <http://www.albemarle.org/upload/images/Forms_Center/Departments/Community_Development/Forms/Places29_Master_Plan /Places29_Master_Plan_3_Existing_Conditions_Future_Trends_2_2009_Complete.pdf></ref> The University is holding a capital campaign to raise $3 billion by December 31, 2010, and has raised $2.2 billion {{As of|2010|12|2|alt=as of early December 2010}}.<ref>{{cite web|title=$3 billion campaign fails to meet targets|url=http://www.cavalierdaily.com/2010/12/02/3-billion-campaign-fails-to-meet-targets/|author=|work=|publisher=Cavalier Daily|location=December 2, 2010|publishdate=|accessdate=December 6, 2010}}</ref> Sullivan has claimed that there is enough physical space to accommodate such an expansion. However, she has said there is not enough faculty to do so.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sullivan finishes eventful fall term|url=http://www.cavalierdaily.com/2010/12/03/sullivan-finishes-eventful-fall-term/|author=Mike Lang|work=|publisher=Cavalier Daily|location=|publishdate=December 6, 2010|accessdate=December 6, 2010}}</ref> The expansion would likely promote a focus towards science, technology, engineering and mathematics, areas of study being requested by state officials.<ref>{{cite-cville|title=At UVA, growth vs. tuition|url=http://www.c-ville.com/At_UVA_growth_vs_tuition/|author=Kyle Daly|pageno=|printno=|printdate=January 4, 2011|publishdate=January 4, 2011|accessdate=August 22, 2012}}</ref> Outgoing vice president [[Leonard Sandridge]] said in a February 2011 interview he felt U.Va could grow within its existing footprint within the next 25 years without having to expand to land near [[Birdwood]].<ref name="interview">{{cite-progress|title=Sandridge talks UVa past, present and future|url=|authttp://www2.dailyprogress.com/news/2011/feb/05/sandridge-talks-uva-past-present-and-future-ar-823173/hor=|pageno=|printdate=February 6, 2011|publishdate=February 5, 2011|accessdate=February 8, 2011|cturl=}}</ref>

For the 2010-11 academic year, UVa has 14,297 undergraduate and 6,598 graduate students<ref name="dp">{{cite web|title=UVa developing strategy for increasing enrollment|url=http://www2.dailyprogress.com/news/2010/nov/27/uva-developing-strategy-increasing-enrollment-ar-679911/|author=Brian McNeill|work=|publisher=Daily Progress|location=|publishdate=November 27, 2010|accessdate=November 30, 2010}}</ref>. UVa officials are also exploring the possibility of expanding enrollments by 1,400 undergraduates over the next five years<ref name="dp" />. President Sullivan told the [[Chamber of Commerce]] on November 30, 2010 that the growth will not detract from the community's quality of life<ref>{{cite-progress|title=Alvin Clements honored with Chamber award|url=http://www2.dailyprogress.com/news/2010/nov/30/alvin-clements-honored-chamber-award-ar-686270/|author=Bryan McKenzie|pageno=|printdate=|publishdate=|accessdate=December 1, 2010|cturl=}}</ref>. UVA received a record number of applications for the class of 2015, with 23,942 students applying. <ref>{{cite-progress|title=UVa sees record number of applicants|url=http://www2.dailyprogress.com/news/2011/jan/24/uva-sees-record-number-applicants-ar-796242/|author=|pageno=|printdate=January 25, 2011|publishdate=January 24, 2011|accessdate=January 25, 2011|cturl=}}</ref>

===Connections to area planning===
The University of Virginia participates in local planning as a member of several planning groups. This is called for in a document signed in [[1986]] called the Three Party Agreement. 

For many years, the U.Va Architect or a designee served as a non-voting member of the [[Albemarle Planning Commission]] or the [[Charlottesville Planning Commission]]. 

The [[UVA Office of Community Relations|Office of Community Relations]] coordinates interaction with citizens of Charlottesville and Albemarle County that are affected by the university's growth.

====Recent projects====
The University office of Architect released a Grounds Plan in 2008 that outlines a strategy for infill growth.<ref>Office of Architect, retrieved on 4/9/09, http://www.virginia.edu/architectoffice/masterplan.html</ref>

UVa oversaw the building of the [[North Grounds Connector]], completed in 2006.

Master planning at the University is overseen by the [[University of Virginia Master Planning Council]]. 

====Future planning====
In [[2009]], the University instituted the [[Grounds Plan]] that will direct land-use planning for the next 20 years.<ref>Canzi, Chiara. "Planning for the next 20 years." C-Ville Weekly. 17 Nov. 2009. Web. 18 Nov. 2009. <http://www.c-ville.com/index.php?cat=141404064432695&ShowArticle_ID=11801611094242588>.</ref> The Plan is organized into four sections: The Setting, Framework and Systems, Program and Precincts, and Case Studies.<ref>Office of Architect, retrieved 11/18/09, http://www.virginia.edu/architectoffice/GroundsPlanWebsite/GPNEW/Introduction/GPHome.html</ref> 

=====Current projects=====


* On [[March 10]], [[2020]], President [[Jim Ryan]] announced a plan to build between 1,000 and 1,500 affordable housing units on land owned by UVA or the [[UVA Foundation]]. <ref>{{cite web|title=UVA ANNOUNCES AFFORDABLE HOUSING GOAL|url=https://news.virginia.edu/content/uva-announces-affordable-housing-goal#:~:text=University%20of%20Virginia%20President,University%20and%20the%20UVA%20Foundation.|author=Wes Hester|work=News Article|publisher=UVA Today|location=|publishdate=March 10, 2020|accessdate=November 26, 2020}}</ref>

* The admissions office offered 7,750 places to the class of 2015 with an eye towards a class size of 3,360. <ref>{{cite web|title=University of Virginia Offers 7,750 Applicants a Place in the Class of 2015|url=http://www.virginia.edu/uvatoday/newsRelease.php?id=14562|author=Dan Heuchert|work=|publisher=University of Virginia|location=|publishdate=March 28, 2011|accessdate=March 28, 2011}}</ref> That's an increase in enrollment of 120 over the class of 2014.
* The school began a new strategic planning process with a series of public forums in December 2012. <ref>{{cite web|title=U.Va. To Host Public Forums As Part of Strategic Planning Process|url=http://news.virginia.edu/content/uva-host-public-forums-part-strategic-planning-process|author=Rob Seal|work=UVA Today|publisher=University of Virginia|location=|publishdate=December 6, 2012|accessdate=December 10, 2012}}</ref>
* Design for a second residence hall in the area of he [[Brandon Avenue Master Plan]] was approved by the Buildings and Grounds Committee of the UVa Board of Visitors on [[March 5]], [[2020]]. The 350-bed is for upper-class students and will include a dining hall and gathering spaces. <ref>{{cite-progress|title=UVa panel approves design for Brandon Avenue dorm|url=https://www.dailyprogress.com/news/uva/uva-panel-approves-design-for-brandon-avenue-dorm/article_b4995400-df1f-5099-9243-1074ea32dc18.html|author=Staff reports|pageno=A2|printdate=March 7, 2020|publishdate=March 6, 2020|accessdate=March 8, 2020}}</ref>

UVA will name a residence hall on Brandon Avenue for [[Paul M. Gaston]] when it opens in 2024. <ref>{{cite web|title=Building and Grounds Committee approves plan for new video scoreboard at Scott Stadium, naming of two new upper-class residence halls|url=https://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/2023/09/building-and-grounds-committee-approves-plan-for-new-video-scoreboard-at-scott-stadium-naming-of-two-new-upper-class-residence-halls?ct=content_open&cv=cbox_latest|author=Priya Kommu|work=News Article|publisher=Cavalier Daily|location=|publishdate=September 15, 2023|accessdate=Septmeber 28, 2023}}</ref>

====Architectural preservation====
In 2010, the [[UVA Board of Visitors]] approved spending $22.9 million to renovate the [[Rotunda]]. The leaking roof will be repaired and the Corinthian decorations on the columns will be replaced<ref name="okrotunda">{{cite web|title=UVa OKs Rotunda renovation|url=http://www2.dailyprogress.com/news/2010/sep/14/uva-oks-rotunda-renovation-ar-505926/|author=Brian McNeill|work=|publisher=Daily Progress|location=|publishdate=September 14, 2010|accessdate=September 15, 2010}}</ref>. Funding will come from private donations as well as a request from the state of Virginia. 

==Housing==
Planning is underway for an initiative to create additional housing to ensure that a mandate can be made to require students to live on campus. <ref name="second-year-planning">{{cite-infocville|title=Second-year initiative moving forward; UVA Health Clinic at Zion Crossroads to expand|url=|author=Sean Tubbs|work=|publisher=|location=|publishdate=June 6, 2023|accessdate=October 9, 2024}}</ref>

==Major Capital Plan==
[[image:Capital_plan_slide_one.jpg|left|thumb|300px|A portion of the proposed Major Capital Plan for 2022]]UVA organizes its construction planning through the [[Major Capital Plan]]. In 2022, the amount of projects in the plan totaled $2.9 billion. That includes projects such as the [[Virginia Guesthouse]], the [[School of Data Science]], and the [[Karsh Institute of Democracy]]. <ref name="second-year-planning" />
{{clear}}

==See also==
[[Three-party agreement]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==

*[http://www.virginia.edu/uvacampaign/ The Campaign for the University of Virginia]
*[http://www.virginia.edu/architectoffice/GroundsPlanWebsite/GPNEW/Introduction/GPHome.html Grounds Plan]

[[Category: Major employers]]
[[Category:University of Virginia|*]]
[[Category:1825 establishments]]
[[Category:Celebrate 250 Partners]]